8K resolution, or 8K UHD, is the current highest ultra high definition television (UHDTV) resolution in digital television and digital cinematography. 8K refers to the horizontal resolution of 7,680 pixels, forming the total image dimensions of (7680×4320), otherwise known as 4320p.
8K UHD has two times the horizontal and vertical resolution of the 4K UHD with four times as many pixels overall, or sixteen times as many pixels as Full HD.
High-resolution displays such as 8K allow for each pixel to be indistinguishable to the human eye when viewed at a typical distance from the screen. 8K resolution can also be used for the purpose of creating enhanced lower resolution videos through a combination of cropping techniques and/or with downsampling techniques used in video and film editing. Resolutions such as 8K allows filmmakers to shoot in a high resolution with a wide lens or at a further distance, in the case of potentially dangerous subjects (such as in wildlife documentaries), by being able to zoom and crop digitally in post-production. The technique involves taking a portion of the original 8K image and cropping it to match a smaller resolution such as the current industry standard for high-definition televisions (4K, 1080p, and 720p).
8K display resolution is the successor to 4K resolution. TV manufacturers pushed to make 4K a new standard by 2017. The feasibility of a fast transition to this new standard is questionable in view of the absence of broadcasting resources.
As of 2015, few cameras had the capability to shoot video in 8K, with NHK being one of the only companies to have created a small broadcasting camera with an 8K image sensor. By 2016 Red Digital Cinema Camera Company had delivered three 8K cameras in both a Full Frame sensor and Super 35 sensor. Until major content sources are available, 8K is speculated to become a mainstream consumer display resolution around 2023 as mentioned in UHD forum Phase-B recommendations. Despite this filmmakers are pushing demand for 8K cameras due to their ability to capture better 4K footage.
Video 8K resolution
History
NHK was the first to start research and development of 4320p resolution in the year 1995, later on the format was standardized by SMPTE in Oct 2007, Interface standardized by SMPTE in August 2010 and Recommended as the international standard for television by lTU-R in 2012. Followed by public displays at electronics shows and screenings of Sochi Olympics Games & Public viewings on Feb 2014 and FIFA World Cup Brazil in June 2014 using HEVC with partners AstroDesign and Ikegami Electronics
On January 6, 2015, the MHL Consortium announced the release of the superMHL specification which will support 8K resolution at 120 fps, 48-bit video, the Rec. 2020 color space, high dynamic range support, a 32-pin reversible superMHL connector, and power charging of up to 40 watts.
On March 1, 2016, The Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) unveiled DisplayPort 1.4, a new format that lets the use of 8K resolution (7680×4320) at 60 Hz with HDRR and 32 audio channels through USB-C.
On January 4, 2017, the HDMI Forum announced HDMI 2.1 featuring support for 8k video with HDR, will be "released early in Q2 2017".
First cameras
On April 6, 2013, Astro Design announced the AH-4800, capable of recording 8K resolution. In April 2015 it was announced by Red that their newly unveiled Red Weapon VV is also capable of recording 8K footage. In October 2016 they announced two additional 8K cameras, Red Weapon 8K S35 and Red Epic-W 8K S35. The Red Weapon Dragon VV has been discontinued as of October 7, 2017, when Red unveiled the Red Weapon Monstro VV, their fourth camera capable of shooting 8K, with additional improvements in dynamic range and noise reduction, among other features.
Productions
In 2007, the original 65 mm negative of the 1992 film Baraka was re-scanned at 8K with a film scanner built specifically for the job at FotoKem Laboratories, and used to remaster the 2008 Blu-ray release. Chicago Sun-Times critic Roger Ebert described the Blu-ray release as "the finest video disc I have ever viewed or ever imagined." A similar 8K scan/4K intermediate digital restoration of Lawrence of Arabia was made for Blu-ray and theatrical re-release during 2012 by Sony Pictures to celebrate the film's 50th anniversary. According to Grover Crisp, executive VP of restoration at Sony Pictures, the new 8K scan has such high resolution that when examined, showed a series of fine concentric lines in a pattern "reminiscent of a fingerprint" near the top of the frame. This was caused by the film emulsion melting and cracking in the desert heat during production. Sony had to hire a third party to minimise or eliminate the rippling artifacts in the new restored version.
On May 17, 2013, the Franklin Institute premiered To Space and Back, an 8K×8K, 60 fps, 3D video running approximately 25 minutes. During its first run at the Fels Planetarium it was played at 4K, 60 fps.
On November 2013, NHK screened the experimental-drama short film "The Chorus" at Tokyo Film Festival which was filmed in 8k and 22.2 sound format.
On May 1, 2015, an 8K abstract computer animation was screened at the Filmatic Festival at the University of California, San Diego. The work was created as an assignment in the VIS 40/ICAM 40 Introduction to Computing in the Arts class taught at UCSD by Associate Teaching Professor Brett Stalbaum during the winter quarter of 2015, with each student producing 300 8192×4800 pixel frames. The work's music soundtrack was composed by Mark Matamoros.
On January 6, 2016, director James Gunn stated that the 2017 film Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 would be the first (feature) film to be shot in 8K, using the Red Weapon 8K VV. Villain (2017) is the first Indian film to be shot completely in 8K resolution.
Broadcasting
Japanese public broadcaster NHK began research and development on 8K in 1995, having spent over $1 billion on R & D since then. Codenamed Super Hi-Vision, NHK also was simultaneously working on the development of 22.2 channel surround sound audio. The world's first 8K television was unveiled by Sharp at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in 2012. Experimental transmissions of the resolution were tested with the 2012 Summer Olympics, and at the Cannes Film Festival showcasing Beauties À La Carte, a 27-minute short showcased publicly on a 220" screen, with a three-year roadmap that entails the launch of 8K test broadcasting in 2016, with plans to roll out full 8K services by 2018, and in time for the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Maps 8K resolution
Resolutions
8K UHD (4320p) is a resolution of 7680 × 4320 (33.2 megapixels) and is one of the two resolutions of ultra high definition television, the other being 4K UHD. In 2013, a transmission network's capability to carry HDTV resolution was limited by internet speeds and relied on satellite broadcast to transmit the high data rates. The demand is expected to drive the adoption of video compression standards and to place significant pressure on physical communication networks in the near future.
8K UHD has four times the horizontal and vertical resolution of the 1080p HDTV format, with sixteen times as many pixels overall.
8K fulldome
8K fulldome is a resolution of 8192×8192 (67.1 megapixels) and is the resolution of top-end modern projection for hemispherical fulldome theatres often seen in planetaria.
Devices
TVs and monitors
- Sharp's 85" 8K LCD TV, 7680×4320 resolution--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2012
- Panasonic's 145" 8K Plasma Display, 7680×4320 resolution--Internationale Funkausstellung Berlin (IFA) 2012
- LG's 98" 8K LCD TV, 7680×4320 resolution--Internationale Funkausstellung Berlin (IFA) 2014
- Panasonic's 55" 8K 120Hz LCD, 7680×4320 resolution--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2015
- Samsung's 110" 8K 3D LCD TV, 7680×4320 resolution--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2015
- Canon 30" 8K reference display--September 2015
- BOE 98" 8K TV at CEATEC 2015
- LG's 98-inch UH9800 with ColorPrime Plus technology--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2016
- Samsung 98-inch SUHD 8K curved TV--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2016
- Hisense 98-inch ULED 8K TV--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2016
- Changhong 98-inch 98ZHQ2R "8K Super UHD", 7680x4320 resolution--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2016
- Sharp's prototype 27-inch 8K 120 Hz IGZO desktop monitor with HDR (CEATEC 2016)
- Philips 328P8K 8K UHD desktop Monitor (ces 2017)
- Dell UltraSharp 32 Ultra HD 8K Monitor (UP3218K) (CES 2017)
- Samsung Q9S 85-inch QLED TV--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2018
- LG 88 inch 8K OLED tv--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2018
- Sony 85inch X1 ultimate 8K LED TV--International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) 2018
- BOE 8K 13.3 inch Narrow Bezel Laptop Display at Hong Kong Electronics Fair 2018
- Digital Projection INSIGHT Laser 8K at Integrated Systems Europe 2018
Cameras
- Astro Design AH-4800, 1.7-inch CMOS camera capable of recording in 8K resolution. Unveiled by on April 6, 2013.
- RED Weapon Vista Vision 35MM 8K (8192×4320) at 60 fps in full-sensor mode, or up to 75 fps in a scope (2.40:1) frame format. The camera has a 40.96 x 21.6mm sensor based on the previous generation Dragon sensor. Unveiled at NAB 2015, released end of 2015.
- RED Weapon Helium with an S35MM 8K 29.9 × 15.77mm 35.4 Megapixel CMOS sensor--up to 60 fps at 8K Full Format (8192 × 4320) with a dynamic range of 16.5+ stops; limited release July 2016, general release October 2016.
- RED Epic-W with an S35MM 8K 29.9 × 15.77mm 35.4 Megapixel CMOS Helium sensor--up to 30 fps at 8K Full Format (8192 × 4320) with a dynamic range of 16.5+ stops; release date: October 2016.
- Ikegami S35MM SHK-810 8K broadcast camera. Unveiled at NAB 2015.
- Hitachi S35MM SK-UHD8060 broadcast camera Unveiled at NAB 2015.
- Canon Cinema EOS System S35MM 8K camera. Unveiled September, 2015.
- Panavision DXL 35MM 8K 60fps and HDR Digital Cinematography Camera (Vista Vision Sensor). May 2016
- RED Monstro 8K VV Oct 2017
- Sharp S35MM 8C-B60A 8K Professional broadcast Camcorder Nov 2017
- Cinemartin Fran 8K VV Global Shutter, announced on 8th of May 2018, starting sales on fall 2018.
Fulldome
- Definiti 8K theaters, 8192×8192 resolution (apu)
See also
- 4K resolution--Digital video formats with a horizontal resolution of around 4000 pixels
- 16K resolution--experimental VR format
- Ultra-high-definition television (UHDTV)--Digital video formats with resolutions of 4K (3840×2160) and 8K (7680×4320)
- Rec. 2020--ITU-R Recommendation for UHDTV
References
External links
- Media related to 8K UHD cameras at Wikimedia Commons
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments